Integrator¶

The output of an integrator element is the integral of the input signal over time. It responds to an input step with an unlimited time output ramp. Thus, it represents an unlimited storage device.

For t <= 0 the output is equal to the initial value Y0.

The reset time is the time at which the magnitude of the step response is equal to the constant magnitude of the input step (if Y0 = 0).

Ymin and Ymax (anti-windup) limit the output. When the maximum value is reached, the integration is stopped and continues in the opposite direction only if the input value has changed its sign. The limits are active only, if Ymax > Ymin

Logic high value at Reset input terminal always resets the integrator to initial state Y0. The logic threshold Vth is 0.5 by default, however may be adjusted individually.

In frequency simulations, the Reset input is omitted. In time simulations, if you do not need the reset feature, you can leave it open (disconnected).

Functions

Step response

Magnitude and phase response

Polar plot